Saturday, April 30, 2011

Types of poetry

Narrative: a poem which tells a story

Oh, East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet,
Till Earth and Sky stand presently at God's great Judgment Seat;
But there is neither East nor West, Border, nor Breed, nor Birth,
When two strong men stand face to face,
tho' they come from the ends of the earth!

 

Kamal is out with twenty men to raise the Border-side,
And he has lifted the Colonel's mare that is the Colonel's pride:
He has lifted her out of the stable-door between the dawn and the day,
And turned the calkins upon her feet, and ridden her far away.
Then up and spoke the Colonel's son that led a troop of the Guides:
"Is there never a man of all my men can say where Kamal hides?"
Then up and spoke Mahommed Khan, the son of the Ressaldar:
"If ye know the track of the morning-mist, ye know where his pickets are.
At dusk he harries the Abazai -- at dawn he is into Bonair,
But he must go by Fort Bukloh to his own place to fare,
So if ye gallop to Fort Bukloh as fast as a bird can fly,
By the favour of God ye may cut him off ere he win to the Tongue of Jagai.
But if he be past the Tongue of Jagai, right swiftly turn ye then,
For the length and the breadth of that grisly plain is sown with Kamal's men.
There is rock to the left, and rock to the right, and low lean thorn between,
And ye may hear a breech-bolt snick where never a man is seen."
The Colonel's son has taken a horse, and a raw rough dun was he,
With the mouth of a bell and the heart of Hell
and the head of the gallows-tree.
The Colonel's son to the Fort has won, they bid him stay to eat --
Who rides at the tail of a Border thief, he sits not long at his meat.
He's up and away from Fort Bukloh as fast as he can fly,
Till he was aware of his father's mare in the gut of the Tongue of Jagai,
Till he was aware of his father's mare with Kamal upon her back,
And when he could spy the white of her eye, he made the pistol crack.
He has fired once, he has fired twice, but the whistling ball went wide.
"Ye shoot like a soldier," Kamal said. "Show now if ye can ride."
It's up and over the Tongue of Jagai, as blown dustdevils go,
The dun he fled like a stag of ten, but the mare like a barren doe.
The dun he leaned against the bit and slugged his head above,
But the red mare played with the snaffle-bars, as a maiden plays with a glove.
There was rock to the left and rock to the right, and low lean thorn between,
And thrice he heard a breech-bolt snick tho' never a man was seen.
They have ridden the low moon out of the sky, their hoofs drum up the dawn,
The dun he went like a wounded bull, but the mare like a new-roused fawn.
The dun he fell at a water-course -- in a woful heap fell he,
And Kamal has turned the red mare back, and pulled the rider free.
He has knocked the pistol out of his hand -- small room was there to strive,
"'Twas only by favour of mine," quoth he, "ye rode so long alive:
There was not a rock for twenty mile, there was not a clump of tree,
But covered a man of my own men with his rifle cocked on his knee.
If I had raised my bridle-hand, as I have held it low,
The little jackals that flee so fast were feasting all in a row:
If I had bowed my head on my breast, as I have held it high,
The kite that whistles above us now were gorged till she could not fly."
Lightly answered the Colonel's son: "Do good to bird and beast,
But count who come for the broken meats before thou makest a feast.
If there should follow a thousand swords to carry my bones away,
Belike the price of a jackal's meal were more than a thief could pay.
They will feed their horse on the standing crop,
their men on the garnered grain,
The thatch of the byres will serve their fires when all the cattle are slain.
But if thou thinkest the price be fair, -- thy brethren wait to sup,
The hound is kin to the jackal-spawn, -- howl, dog, and call them up!
And if thou thinkest the price be high, in steer and gear and stack,
Give me my father's mare again, and I'll fight my own way back!"
Kamal has gripped him by the hand and set him upon his feet.
"No talk shall be of dogs," said he, "when wolf and gray wolf meet.
May I eat dirt if thou hast hurt of me in deed or breath;
What dam of lances brought thee forth to jest at the dawn with Death?"
Lightly answered the Colonel's son: "I hold by the blood of my clan:
Take up the mare for my father's gift -- by God, she has carried a man!"
The red mare ran to the Colonel's son, and nuzzled against his breast;
"We be two strong men," said Kamal then, "but she loveth the younger best.
So she shall go with a lifter's dower, my turquoise-studded rein,
My broidered saddle and saddle-cloth, and silver stirrups twain."
The Colonel's son a pistol drew and held it muzzle-end,
"Ye have taken the one from a foe," said he;
"will ye take the mate from a friend?"
"A gift for a gift," said Kamal straight; "a limb for the risk of a limb.
Thy father has sent his son to me, I'll send my son to him!"
With that he whistled his only son, that dropped from a mountain-crest --
He trod the ling like a buck in spring, and he looked like a lance in rest.
"Now here is thy master," Kamal said, "who leads a troop of the Guides,
And thou must ride at his left side as shield on shoulder rides.
Till Death or I cut loose the tie, at camp and board and bed,
Thy life is his -- thy fate it is to guard him with thy head.
So, thou must eat the White Queen's meat, and all her foes are thine,
And thou must harry thy father's hold for the peace of the Border-line,
And thou must make a trooper tough and hack thy way to power --
Belike they will raise thee to Ressaldar when I am hanged in Peshawur."

 

They have looked each other between the eyes, and there they found no fault,
They have taken the Oath of the Brother-in-Blood on leavened bread and salt:
They have taken the Oath of the Brother-in-Blood on fire and fresh-cut sod,
On the hilt and the haft of the Khyber knife, and the Wondrous Names of God.
The Colonel's son he rides the mare and Kamal's boy the dun,
And two have come back to Fort Bukloh where there went forth but one.
And when they drew to the Quarter-Guard, full twenty swords flew clear --
There was not a man but carried his feud with the blood of the mountaineer.
"Ha' done! ha' done!" said the Colonel's son.
"Put up the steel at your sides!
Last night ye had struck at a Border thief --
to-night 'tis a man of the Guides!"

 

Oh, East is East, and West is West, and never the twain shall meet,
Till Earth and Sky stand presently at God's great Judgment Seat;
But there is neither East nor West, Border, nor Breed, nor Birth,
When two strong men stand face to face,
tho' they come from the ends of the earth!

Ballads: a song or a likesong poem that tells a story about death, betrayal or love.


Light do I see within my Lady’s eyes
And loving spirits in its plenisphere
Which bear in strange delight on my heart’s care
Till Joy’s awakened from that sepulchre.
That which befalls me in my Lady’s presence
Bars explanation intellectual.
I seem to see a lady wonderful
Spring forth between her lips, one whom no sense
Can fully tell the mind of, and one whence
Another, in beauty, springeth marvelous,
From whom a star goes forth and speaketh thus:
"Now my salvation is gone forth from thee."
There where this Lady’s loveliness appeareth,
Is heard a voice which goes before her ways
And seems to sing her name with such sweet praise
That my mouth fears to speak what name she beareth,
And my heart trembles for the grace she weareth,
While far in my soul’s deep the sighs astir
Speak thus: "Look well! For if thou look on her,
Then shalt thou see her virtue risen in heaven."

Epics: poem that tell about a hero.

Now Beowulf bode in the burg of the Scyldings,
leader beloved, and long he ruled
in fame with all folk, since his father had gone
away from the world, till awoke an heir,
haughty Healfdene, who held through life,
sage and sturdy, the Scyldings glad.
Then, one after one, there woke to him,
to the chieftain of clansmen, children four:
Heorogar, then Hrothgar, then Halga brave;
and I heard that -- was -- 's queen,
the Heathoscylfing's helpmate dear.
To Hrothgar was given such glory of war,
such honor of combat, that all his kin
obeyed him gladly till great grew his band
of youthful comrades. It came in his mind
to bid his henchmen a hall uprear,
ia master mead-house, mightier far
than ever was seen by the sons of earth,
and within it, then, to old and young
he would all allot that the Lord had sent him,
save only the land and the lives of his men.
Wide, I heard, was the work commanded,
for many a tribe this mid-earth round,
to fashion the folkstead. It fell, as he ordered,
in rapid achievement that ready it stood there,
of halls the noblest: Heorot he named it
whose message had might in many a land.
Not reckless of promise, the rings he dealt,
treasure at banquet: there towered the hall,
high, gabled wide, the hot surge waiting
of furious flame. Nor far was that day
when father and son-in-law stood in feud
for warfare and hatred that woke again.
With envy and anger an evil spirit
endured the dole in his dark abode,
that he heard each day the din of revel
high in the hall: there harps rang out,
clear song of the singer. He sang who knew
tales of the early time of man,
how the Almighty made the earth,
fairest fields enfolded by water,
set, triumphant, sun and moon
for a light to lighten the land-dwellers,
and braided bright the breast of earth
with limbs and leaves, made life for all
of mortal beings that breathe and move.
So lived the clansmen in cheer and revel
a winsome life, till one began
to fashion evils, that field of hell.
Grendel this monster grim was called,
march-riever mighty, in moorland living,
in fen and fastness; fief of the giants
the hapless wight a while had kept
since the Creator his exile doomed.
On kin of Cain was the killing avenged
by sovran God for slaughtered Abel.
Ill fared his feud, and far was he driven,
for the slaughter's sake, from sight of men.
Of Cain awoke all that woful breed,
Etins and elves and evil-spirits,
as well as the giants that warred with God
weary while: but their wage was paid them!

Lyrics: a poem that do not tells a story, it is use to express a feeling or an idea.

I heard a fly buzz when I died;
The stillness round my form
Was like the stillness in the air
Between the heaves of storm.

The eyes beside had wrung them dry,
And breaths were gathering sure
For that last onset, when the king
Be witnessed in his power.


Sonnet: a poem that have 14 line and follow iambic pentameter.

 

The poetry of earth is never dead:
When all the birds are faint with the hot sun,
And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run
From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead;
That is the Grasshopper's--he takes the lead
In summer luxury,--he has never done
With his delights; for when tired out with fun
He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed.
The poetry of earth is ceasing never:
On a lone winter evening, when the frost
Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills
The Cricket's song, in warmth increasing ever,
And seems to one in drowsiness half lost,
The Grasshopper's among some grassy hills.

Odes: a poem that celebrate a person, an idea or event.

Thanks to the word
that says thanks!
Thanks to thanks,
word
that melts
iron and snow!
The world is a threatening place
until
thanks
makes the rounds
from one pair of lips to another,
soft as a bright
feather
and sweet as a petal of sugar,
filling the mouth with its sound
or else a mumbled
whisper.
Life becomes human again:
it’s no longer an open window

Elegies: a poem that tells a sorrow story


O Captain my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weathered every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
But O heart! heart! heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

 

Free verse: a poem that do not follow any rule.



Spoken--a word implicit.
A concept--broken.
Trust--
A token, dropped
In the machine--
Time's up.
I have proven over
And again, I am
Tougher than I seem--
A fool still, hopeful.
And you never say
You grant me equal credibility
Or similar delusions.
To believe everything
You say--how can
I give you what I am not given?
But I do--
I would, and I will.
And I let you
Keep pieces of me
Locked, keyed to you
Secretly--only I
Can no longer
Be sure of finding them--
You will tell me,
I or you
Right or wrong.
And this new
Revisionist me
Wants only to be right
And for you to know


Extended metaphor

Definition: it is a type of metaphor, and it cotinuing to develop a metaphor.

Ex: Hope is the thing with feathers
  That perches in the soul,
  And sings the tune--without the words,
  And never stops at all,

"And sweetest in the gale is heard;
  And sore must be the storm
  That could abash the little bird

Signification: it develop the metarphor and make the poem more interesting.
  That kept so many warm

Line

Definition: a unit in a poem, smaller than stanza

Ex: "O Captain my Captain! our fearful trip is done,"
It is a line in the poem "O captain, my captain"
Signification: every line contain an idea, and give the reader information.

Symbol

Defintion: a person, an qanimal, a thing that represent another person, idea, animal...

Ex: "O captain!" Captain here mean Abraham Liconln
Signification: this element compare two thing, or saying a idea in an interesting way.

Onomatopoeia

Definition: word that describe soung

Ex: Boom!
Went the food
trays.
Clap! Clap!
Goes the teacher.
Rip!
Went the
plastic bag.
Munch! Munch!
Go the students.
Slurp!!!
Went the straws.
Whisper
Is what
half the kids
in the room
are doing.
Crunch!
Crunch!
go
the candy bars.

Signification: bring sound to the poem, make it more lively.

Assonaunce

Definition: repetition of vowel to make rhyming.

Hear the mellow wedding bells,
Golden bells!
What a world of happiness their harmony foretells!
Through the balmy air of night
How they ring out their delight!
Signification: Tone create rhyming, and it make the poem more interesting and easy to read.

Friday, April 29, 2011

O captain




O Captain my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weathered every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
But O heart! heart! heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;
Rise up--for you the flag is flung for you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribboned wreaths for you the shores a-crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
Find More lyrics at www.sweetslyrics.com
Here Captain! dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
It is some dream that on the deck,
You've fallen cold and dead.

My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;
My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;
The ship is anchored safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;
From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;
Exult O shores, and ring O bells!
But I, with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.

Saturday, April 23, 2011

alliteration

Definition: when two or more words in a poem begin with the same letter or sound.

Rain races,
Ripping like wind.
Its restless rage
Rattles like
Rocks ripping through
The air.

Signification: Gives the poem imagery and memorable.

Meter

Definition: the measurement of lines in a poem

The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,
The lowing herd winds slowly over the lea,
The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,
And leaves the world to darkness and to me.
4 lines, 10 syllabels
Signification: Syllable have the same purpose, it's to make the poem easy to read and remember.

Elegy

Definition: a sorrowful poem, tell about something sad.

The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,
The lowing herd winds slowly over the lea,
The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,
And leaves the world to darkness and to me

Signification: Elegy express the sorrowful, grief and share those feeling to the reader

Couplet

Definition: couplet is two line that rhyme at the end.
I saw a freak black dog
Running into the fog

Signification: couplet seperate the idea separate from other lines. It also make the poem easy to read and remember.

Rhyme

Rhyme: the repetition of the same sound at the end of two or more words, often at the end of a line.

Creak, squeak, bump in the night
I wake up in such a fright
I jump up to turn on the light!

Signification: Rhyme usually creat rythm, it also make the poem easy to read and remember.

Friday, April 22, 2011

Rhythm

Rythm is the beat of the song.

The wind in her hair
The chair that sat there
Eyes on eyes
Fire and lye
in the river sky
Signification:  this element give the poem spirit, and make the poem more interesting to read.

Personification

Ddefiniton: describe a tinh, an animal or a plant as a person.

Ex: The teacups chattered to one another
Personification make the poem more creative and entertaining. Using this, the poet can also transfer the idea to the reader more effectively.

Tuesday, April 19, 2011

Speaker

Definitino: is the imaginary voice assumed by the writer of a poem.
Ex: With an evil eye that stares you down
and a bulbous warty nose,
a furrowed brow, a nasty scowl,
and old outdated clothes,
my costume is the scariest
the world has ever seen.
I’m not an ogre, ghost, or ghoul:
I’m a teacher for Halloween.

the person who said this is the teacher
Signification: the speaker let us know who is telling the story and understand the point of view of or created by the poet.

Tone

Definition: Tone is an element of poetry, the way the reader or the poet read the poem that show mood and emotion.

Ex: when the poem have the line: "I will kill you". So the way the poet or the reader read it will show that if that character meant to kill someone, or it's just a joke. When he meant what he said, he will scream the line out loud or murmur it in a low, even voice. But if it's just a joke, he will laugh as he read the line.
Signification: tone will help us understand the message, prevent misunderstand while reading the poem.

Monday, April 18, 2011

Interpretation

Definition: it is an explaination, analysis and understand an art or a poem or texts.

Example:
I travelled on, seeing the hill, where lay my expectation. A long it was and weary way. The gloomy cave of Desperation I left on the one, and on the other side the rock of Pride. [Written as prose.]

  1. Literal: The persona sees the hill where he/she wants to go. His way will be long and hard. On one side is a cave and on the other a rock. He continues on. [That's it. Nothing difficult to understand.] {Concerning "persona," which means the person, without name, acting in or telling the story. Do not assume that it is the poet [even when it uses "I"] until evidence in the poem confirms this. Writers use this to express opinions not their own.}
  2. Implied: The persona is on a life journey. [This is a reasonable possibility, but not within the words of the poem. If this theory does not fit later on, we will have to revise it.] He sees where he wants to go, but the way is difficult. He must travel between a gloomy cave and a rock. [If Desperation and Pride were written "desperation" and "pride," these would be understood as images not symbols. This level would understand them in general terms as "a desperate, gloomy cave" and "a prideful rock."]
  3. Allegorical: The persona sees his goal in life, his final objective. He must travel between Desperation (pictured as a gloomy cave) and Pride (seen as a rock). {Herbert's version of a rock and a hard place.} Because Desperation and Pride are capitalized, they become symbols of the ideas, and twin dangers for the traveler.
Signification: interpretation help the reader to understand the poem deeply about the message of the poet.

Simile

Definition: a type of figurative language that indirectly compare two thing using the word like or as...

Ex: She is like a star in a dark night.
Signification:
Using simile can make the poem more creative and entertainment. It also express the emotion of the reader in that moment more lively.

Metaphor

Definition: It is a comparing of two thing through verbs to be
Example: Her laghter is a gentle melody.

Signification:
Metarphor is a one type of figurative languange. It help  the reader understand clearly what the author are trying to describe. It also make the poem more creative and more entertainment.

Wednesday, April 13, 2011

Stanza

Definition: Stanza is a like a "paragraph" of a poem. Stanza is a group of line form a division of a poem, usually follow a rhyme.
Ex: You can't order a poem like you order a taco.
      Walk up to the counter, say, "I'll take two"
      and expect it to be handed back to you
      on a shiny plate.
Signification: Stanza let the reader rest a bit and think back about what they red. It also a good way to move from this idea to another idea.
    

Tuesday, April 12, 2011

Imagery

Definition: an element of poetry which use descriptive language to describe all the sense clearly to the reader.
Ex:
The winter evening settles down
With smell of steaks in passageways.
Six o'clock.
The burnt-out ends of smoky days.
And now a gusty shower wraps
The grimy scraps
Of withered leaves about your feet
And newspapers from vacant lots;
The showers beat
On broken blinds and chimney-pots,
And at the corner of the street
A lonely cab-horse steams and stamps.
And then the lighting of the lamps.
Signification: This element help the reader understand clearly what the author feeling and seeing. This technique allow us to become the author, feel what the author felt, see what the author saw. This technique will make the poem lively.

Saturday, April 9, 2011

Poetry

 Poetry is sentences that go well together, like a lyrics of a song. Sometime, they rhymes or free verse.
Ex: I grab my money, And go to buy honey.

Poetry is a type of art, so it will help the student to be more creative and learn more vocabulary.